写作时应注意的问题
写作部分时间为30分钟，其内容是，就给定的题目中的两种观点选择一个，并加以阐述。写作部分不计入总分，只作为参考。
写作时应注意以下问题:
(1)选择一种观点。在两种观点中选定一种，围绕这种观点展开论述。就好像是扔一枚硬币，随机的选择一种观点即可。
(2)阐述观点时，既要陈述支持所选择观点的理由，也要陈述反对另一种观点的理由。在两方面的对比申说明该选择的观点正确。
(3)文章应包括五个段落。第一段说明两者之中选择其一，中间三段阐述选择的理由，最后一段作出结论。每段都要写出主题句，以告知读者你的观点。应记住所列出的观点选择多于对事实的陈述。
(4)写作应自然流畅，观点要明确，不要使用简写或缩写词。
【写作练习】
Valerie,afirst-yeargraduatestudentinmathematics,needsapart-timejob,andcompetitionforjobsinthesmalltownswheresheruniversityislocatediskeen.Withthefollowingconsiderationsinmind,writeanargumentsupportingoneofValerie”stwojoboffersovertheother:
Valeriewantstheincomefromherjobtominimizethemoneyshemustborrowforlivingexpenses.
Valeriewantsthejobtointerferewithhergraduateprogramaslittleaspossible.
Theuniversity”sUndergraduateLearningCenterhasofferedValerieajobtutoringgroupsofstudentstakingintroductorymathematicscourses.Valeriehasbeenassignedfive1:00PMto5:00PMsessions,forwhichshewillreceiveperweek.TheULCalsoprovidesfreeindividualtutoringforstudentsinadvancedmathematicscourseswhorequestit.Asagraduatestudentemployee,Valeriewouldbeeligibletoserveasanindividualtutor,inadditiontoherregularsessions,forwhichshewouldreceiveperhour.Thescheduleofthisjobwillrequirehertomakechangesinthecoursesshehadplannedtotakethissemester.Shewillalsomisstheafternoonofficehoursthatmostprofessorssetasidetoworkindividuallywithgraduatestudents.
Milano”s,alocalrestauranthasofferedValerieajobasafoodserver.ShewillworkTuesday,Thursday,Friday,andSaturdaynightseachweek,startingat5:00PM.Thesalaryisperweekplustips,whichcanrangeanywherefromtoforfournightsofwork.Milano”sisoftencrowdedonFridayandSaturdaynightsbutrarelyduringtheweek.AserveratMilano”stoldValeriethatalthoughtherestaurant”skitchenclosesat11:00PM,serversmuststayuntilallcustomershaveleft,whichcanbemidnightorlater.Valerie”smostdemandingclassmeetsat8:00AM.WednesdaysandFridaysandcannotberescheduled.Takingthisjobalsomeansthatshemustgiveuptheeveningmeetingsofherstudygroup.
【写作范例】
Topic
TheEnglishdepartmentatauniversitymustchooseatextforitsfirst-yearcompositioncourse.Writeanargumentinfavorofselectioneitherofthefollowingtextswiththese.Considerationsinmind:
Thedepartmenthasastrongcommitmenttoteachingbasicwritingskills,suchasgrammarandessayorganization.
Thedepartmentwantstoincreasethestudents”enthusiasmforandinterestinwriting.
DuringthethreeyearsthatthedepartmenthasusedTheStandardTextbookofEnglish,instructorsinotherdepartmentshavereportedsignificantimprovementinstudents”writingskills.Nicknamed”TheBestandtheDullest”thetextcontainsclassicessaysfrombothancientandmodernauthorsandisorganizedtoillustratethevariousformsoftheessay-suchasnarration,exposition,andpersuasion.Theessayaveragemorethan10pagesandalmostallarewritteninaformalstyle.Whilestudentsfindsomeofthesubjectsforeign,theyfeelthematerialscoveredareoftenusefulintheirothercoursework.
Anewtext,TheModernWriter,containsbothanintroductionsdescribingthebasicsofgrammarandanumberofjournalisticessaysbycontemporaryauthors.Thepiecesaretypicallyshort(only2to3pages)andexploretopicsofinteresttomostcollegestudents,suchaspopularmusicandcareerplanning.Thestyleoftheessaystendstobeinformal,evencolloquial.Eachchaptercontainsseveralessaysonagiventopicandexercisesdesignedtoaidstudentsindevelopingessaysoftheirown.Althoughtheintroductionprovidesanadequateoverviewofbasicgrammar,thetextdoesnotdiscusstheessayform.
范文如下：
IwouldurgetheEnglishDepartmenttochangeitsEnglishcompositiontextbookfromTheStandardTextbookofEnglishtoTheModernWriter.Byhelpingtomakethestudentsmoreenthusiasticaboutwriting,thenewtextbookshouldultimatelyboostthestudents”writingskillsingeneral.
Togivecreditswherescreditisdue,wemustacknowledgethatTheStandardTextbookofEnglishisnotabadbook.Thistextbookhasshownitselftobesomewhateffectiveinhelpingtoimprovethestudents”basicwritingskills,anditpresentsavarietyofessayforms,exposingthestudentstodifferenttypesofessaystheyhavetoeitherwriteorunderstandlateon.Itwouldbeasafechoiceforthedepartmenttocontinueitsuseofthistime-testedbook.
Butthepastgloriesoftheoldtextbookcannothideitsproblems,particularlyitsdullness.Theessaysinthistextbookareobviouslytoolongforfirst-yearstudentstoappreciatetheirbeauty.Whilevariousessayformsareillustratedinthistextbook,theyareoftenillustratedwithcontentthatstudentsfindveryhardtorelateto.StudentsusingTheStandardTextbookofEnglishmayhaveimprovedtheirwritingskillsinthepastthreeyears,butifthatistrue,theymusthavehadahardtimedoingso,tothepossibledetrimentoftheirperformanceinotherareas.SuchproblemscanonlybesolvedwithanewtextbooklikeTheModernWriter.
TheModernWriterissuchthatitshouldgeneratealotmoreenthusiasminstudentsforlearningEnglishwriting.Theessaysinthisbookaremuchshorterandthereforeeasierforuniversitybeginnerstograsp.Moreover,theseessaysexploretopicsthatareofinteresttomostcollegestudentssuchaspopularmusicandcareerplanning.Giventhebuilt-inappealinthisnewtextbook,justnostudentwillhavetobecompelledtoreadandlearnfromit.Withthisbook,thestudentscanbeexpectedtolearnwhiletheyareshavingsfunoratleastthinkingofissuesthattheycareabout.Inalllikelihood,theenthusiasticstudentwillbeabetterstudentthantheboredstudent.
TheModernWritershouldbeabletoreachstudentsbasicwritingskillsatleastaswellas,ifnotbetterthan,TheStandardTextbookofEnglish.Thenewtextbookcontainsnotonlyagooddescriptionofthebasicsofgrammarbutalsocarefullydesignedexercisestoaidstudentsindevelopingtheirownessays.Incontrast,theoldtextbookmayloadthestudentswithtoomuchgrammarbutgivethemlittlechancetoactuallyuseit.Withtheirenthusiasmandopportunitiestopractice,studentsshouldbeabletopickupwritingskillsfairlyeasily,eventhoseskillsthatarenotfullycoveredbythetextbook.Theinterestedstudentscan,forexample,dotheirownresearchonessayforms.
AlthoughTheStandardTextbookofEnglishisokayasawritingtextbook,TheModernWritershouldnowbepreferred.Thenewtextbookcanmatchtheoldoneinstrengthburdoesnothaveitsproblems.Besides,thenewtextbookcontainsqualitiesthatarenotonlylackingintheoldonebutalsofundamentallyimportanttothelearningstudents.
